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Greening of the brown-dwarf desert EPIC 212036875b: a 51 M-J object in a 5-day orbit around an F7V star

Persson, Carina, 1964 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Csizmadia, Szilard (author)
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Mustill, Alexander J. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Astronomi - Genomgår omorganisation,Institutionen för astronomi och teoretisk fysik - Genomgår omorganisation,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Lund Observatory - Undergoing reorganization,Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics - Undergoing reorganization,Faculty of Science
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Fridlund, Malcolm, 1952 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology,Universiteit Leiden (UL),Leiden University (UL)
Hatzes, Artie P. (author)
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Nowak, Grzegorz (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Georgieva, Iskra, 1987 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Gandolfi, Davide (author)
Universita degli Studi di Torino,University of Turin
Davies, Melvyn B. (author)
Lund University,Lunds universitet,Astronomi - Genomgår omorganisation,Institutionen för astronomi och teoretisk fysik - Genomgår omorganisation,Naturvetenskapliga fakulteten,Lund Observatory - Undergoing reorganization,Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics - Undergoing reorganization,Faculty of Science
Livingston, John H. (author)
University of Tokyo, Japan
Palle, Enric (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Montanes Rodriguez, Pilar (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Endl, Michael (author)
The University of Texas at Austin, USA
Hirano, Teruyuki (author)
Tokyo Institute of Technology
Prieto-Arranz, Jorge (author)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
Korth, Judith (author)
Universität zu Köln,University of Cologne
Grziwa, Sascha (author)
Universität zu Köln,University of Cologne
Esposito, Massimiliano (author)
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Albrecht, Simon (author)
Århus Universitet,Aarhus University
Johnson, Marshall C. (author)
Ohio State University
Barragan, Oscar (author)
Universita degli Studi di Torino,University of Turin,University Of Oxford
Parviainen, Hannu (author)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
Van Eylen, Vincent (author)
Princeton University
Alonso Sobrino, Roi (author)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
Beck, Paul G. (author)
Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Cabrera, Juan (author)
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Carleo, Ilaria (author)
Wesleyan University
Cochran, William D. (author)
The University of Texas at Austin, USA
Dai, Fei (author)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT),Princeton University
Deeg, Hans J. (author)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
de Leon, Jerome P. (author)
University of Tokyo, Japan
Eigmueller, Philipp (author)
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Erikson, Anders (author)
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Fukui, Akai (author)
National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS)
Gonzalez-Cuesta, Lucia (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Guenther, Eike W. (author)
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
Hidalgo, Diego (author)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
Hjorth, Maria (author)
Århus Universitet,Aarhus University
Kabath, Petr (author)
Czech Academy of Sciences
Knudstrup, Emil (author)
Århus Universitet,Aarhus University
Kusakabe, Nobuhiko (author)
National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS)
Lam, Kristine W. F. (author)
Technische Universität Berlin
Lund, Mikkel N. (author)
Århus Universitet,Aarhus University
Luque, Rafael (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Mathur, Savita (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Murgas, Felipe (author)
Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna,Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Narita, Norio (author)
University of Tokyo, Japan,National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS),Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST),Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Nespral, David (author)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias,Universidad de la Laguna,University of La Laguna
Niraula, Prajwal (author)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Olofsson, Henrik, 1972 (author)
Chalmers tekniska högskola,Chalmers University of Technology
Paetzold, Martin (author)
Universität zu Köln,University of Cologne
Rauer, Heike (author)
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR),Technische Universität Berlin
Redfield, Seth (author)
Wesleyan University
Ribas, Ignasi (author)
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC),Institute of Space Studies of Catalonia (IEEC),Agencia Estatal Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas,Spanish National Research Council
Skarka, Marek (author)
Czech Academy of Sciences,Masarykova Univerzita,Masaryk University
Smith, Alexis M. S. (author)
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR),German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Subjak, Jan (author)
Czech Academy of Sciences,Univerzita Karlova,Charles University
Tamura, Motohide (author)
University of Tokyo, Japan,National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS)
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 (creator_code:org_t)
2019-08-08
2019
English.
In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 628
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)
Abstract Subject headings
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  • Context. Although more than 2000 brown dwarfs have been detected to date, mainly from direct imaging, their characterisation is difficult due to their faintness and model-dependent results. In the case of transiting brown dwarfs, however, it is possible to make direct high-precision observations. Aims. Our aim is to investigate the nature and formation of brown dwarfs by adding a new well-characterised object, in terms of its mass, radius and bulk density, to the currently small sample of less than 20 transiting brown dwarfs. Methods. One brown dwarf candidate was found by the KESPRINT consortium when searching for exoplanets in the K2 space mission Campaign 16 field. We combined the K2 photometric data with a series of multicolour photometric observations, imaging, and radial velocity measurements to rule out false positive scenarios and to determine the fundamental properties of the system. Results. We report the discovery and characterisation of a transiting brown dwarf in a 5.17-day eccentric orbit around the slightly evolved F7V star EPIC 212036875. We find a stellar mass of 1.15 +/- 0.08 M-circle dot, a stellar radius of 1.41 +/- 0.05 R-circle dot, and an age of 5.1 +/- 0.9 Gyr. The mass and radius of the companion brown dwarf are 51 +/- 2 M-J and 0.83 +/- 0.03 R-J, respectively, corresponding to a mean density of 108(-13)(+15) g cm(-3). Conclusions. EPIC 212036875 b is a rare object that resides in the brown-dwarf desert. In the mass-density diagram for planets, brown dwarfs, and stars, we find that all giant planets and brown dwarfs follow the same trend from similar to 0.3 M-J to the turn-over to hydrogen burning stars at similar to 73 M-J. EPIC 212036875 b falls close to the theoretical model for mature H/He dominated objects in this diagram as determined by interior structure models. We argue that EPIC 212036875 b formed via gravitational disc instabilities in the outer part of the disc, followed by a quick migration. Orbital tidal circularisation may have started early in its history for a brief period when the brown dwarf's radius was larger. The lack of spin-orbit synchronisation points to a weak stellar dissipation parameter (Q(star)' greater than or similar to 10(8)), which implies a circularisation timescale of greater than or similar to 23 Gyr, or suggests an interaction between the magnetic and tidal forces of the star and the brown dwarf.

Subject headings

NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik -- Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences -- Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik -- Annan fysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences -- Other Physics Topics (hsv//eng)
NATURVETENSKAP  -- Fysik -- Den kondenserade materiens fysik (hsv//swe)
NATURAL SCIENCES  -- Physical Sciences -- Condensed Matter Physics (hsv//eng)

Keyword

stars: individual: EPIC 212036875
techniques: photometric
stars: fundamental parameters
planetary systems
techniques: radial velocities
planetary systems
stars: fundamental parameters
stars: individual: EPIC 212036875
techniques: photometric
techniques: radial velocities
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics

Publication and Content Type

art (subject category)
ref (subject category)

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